Blind Access Journal

You’ll find this article to be written more on a personal note than my previous submissions. It is based more on feelings than on critical analysis of blindness issues. I hope it brings about some sharing of experiences as blind people dealing with our eye doctors. For many of us, constant follow up and occasional surgical procedures are just another fact of life.

The root cause of my blindness is congenital glaucoma. Glaucoma is essentially an excessive build up of fluid in the eye. This condition causes optic nerve damage along with other secondary eye conditions. I lost my left eye at age three after numerous surgical procedures. I retain a small, unmeasured amount of sight in my right eye. The tunnel vision enables me to see colors, shapes and some detail. I am usually able to visually match my clothes. Though I am unable to read print, I can see the color and shape of dialogue boxes and other windows that pop up on my computer’s screen.

A special valve in my right eye controls the pressure, stabilizing the glaucoma. The most obvious and correctable secondary condition has been cornea damage. On November 1, 2004, I finally decided to undergo my fourth cornea transplant on my right eye in hopes of gaining an increase in sight. A lens was also implanted to replace the cataract removed when I was a small child. This operation did result in a slight increase in sight, but I have noticed a slight reversal over the past month or so. I have also experienced a significant amount of pain that actually increased in the weeks after surgery. This morning, I had another of my bi-weekly appointments with the surgeon who performed this latest operation. The news was ultimately disappointing.

Shortly after surgery, we observed that the outer surface of the cornea was not healing properly. Reduction of the Pred Forte eye drops to four times per day has improved this healing process, but, alas, there’s another problem. My cornea is becoming cloudy again. The new cornea was crystal clear for at least a month to six weeks after surgery. My doctor is unable to explain to me why my new cornea is already clouding up. I have been fanatical about taking care of my eye after surgery. I haven’t missed any medications and I have been careful with my physical activity. The doctor just tells me that this is how these things go with eyes like mine. He still holds out some hope that this new cornea will clear up somewhat and that, in eight or nine months, I may notice significantly improved vision.

I still enjoy a slight visual improvement in some ways after surgery, though the lens has resulted in a minor reduction in distance vision. Some things I could see before surgery now show a little brighter and with a bit more detail. Sadly, as I have stated earlier, I do feel like there has been some reversal in my vision in the past two or three weeks, but I can’t really quantify it yet.

I think I got my hopes up on the potential of this latest cornea transplant. I was hoping that I might be able to do things like read large print or even ride a bicycle or one of those scooters. It would be a little more convenient and right down fun to be able to ride a bike or a scooter. Being able to read some print effectively would have really increased my ability to access information at home and at work. I guess I am destined to be as blind as I am right now, with little or no significant change. I guess I was really hoping and praying for something better. I hope this latest surgery was a good idea.

So, on Wednesday, January 12, I’ll be taking a trip back to Tucson to see the doctor who has treated my eye condition for most of my life. Over the years, my family and I grew to trust his judgment. I’m going for a second opinion, for more information on what is currently happening with my new cornea and for some idea as to what I can expect for the future. Karen has been instrumental in helping me get this appointment set up at such short notice. I thank her for all her work, and hope my sister will be able to drive me the hundred miles each way down to Tucson. If not, then I’m sure I’ll find some other way to get down there.

Almost two years ago now, I wrote this document for a client. It covers finding, downloading, unpacking and reading Bookshare files. She found it incredibly useful and so have a few others, so I thought I would go ahead and share it to everyone now. Despite its age, all the information remains relevant today. If you are a new Bookshare subscriber, you’ll definitely want to read this entry level procedure manual.

Read Finding, Downloading, Unpacking and Reading Bookshare Material. Please feel free to provide feedback on this article.

Karen and I went shopping for a new coffeemaker. We’ve tried several models now but have not been very happy with their functioning and maintenance requirements. We have determined that we need a coffeemaker with a removable basket to facilitate loading the coffee and cleaning before the next use. Unfortunately, like other electronic appliances, shopping for a coffeemaker that is accessible and usable by a blind person is becoming more and more difficult.

Most coffeemakers on the market today incorporate advanced features such as a programmable timer that enables brewing to begin at a specific time each day. This programmability is provided by way of a digital display and sometimes also by flat buttons. Blind people can’t physically see in order to read the digital display and flat buttons provide no tactile controls we can use to operate the machine. In most cases, not only are we unable to take advantage of the product’s programmability, but we are also unable to use the product due to its inaccessible controls.

Currently, some nonprogrammable coffeemakers still exist. We just ordered the model AR10 manufactured by Mr. Coffee. It is simple to operate and features a removable basket. So, for the moment, our coffeemaker issue is resolved. Sadly, there remains a critical two part question in our minds. For how much longer will we be able to find a nonprogrammable coffeemaker, and will we ever see programmable coffeemakers that are accessible?

Jim McCarthy covers the issue of accessibility to home appliances in a December 2004 article entitled Nonvisual Access to Home Appliances in Voice of the Nation’s Blind, an online magazine published by the National Federation of the Blind. He points out that, in many cases, only the cheapest, lowest quality home appliances remain accessible and simple to operate. While appliances with fancy digital displays were once expensive, luxury items, they are now in the mainstream. Unfortunately, Mr. McCarthy goes on to talk about a dialogue between the blind and the home appliance industry to facilitate their working with us to creatively solve these accessibility issues. My personal experiences and those of many other blind people I know just don’t bode well for such a dialogue to take place and, even if it does, it probably won’t result in more accessible appliances.

As compared to sighted people, blind Americans represent a tiny portion of the population. We are reminded of this fact over and over whenever we ask for reasonable accomodations. Regardless of the form it takes or how the information is presented, we are told that we don’t count. Our low incidence population is constantly cited as a reason for allocating insufficient resources to deal with the issues of blindness. It is used to defend continued inaccessibility, lack of transportation options and all other reasons for not making accomodations necessary for our participation in society. This old argument will be trotted out again when the National Federation of the Blind tries to open a dialogue with the home appliance industry. Manufacturers will tell us that it is not cost effective to provide appliances that can be used by everyone, including those of us who happen to be blind. We’ll be told that sighted people are happy with the digital displays and flat controls. The sighted demand these features and they don’t need or want appliances that talk, use tones or do anything else that might make them more accessible to us. Making changes will negatively impact the bottom lines for these businesses. They are ultimately responsible to their shareholders. There is a dangerous, final conclusion to the use of this small market argument to justify continued lack of accessibility. Some say it is too radical to consider. I’ll save this for another time.

We must find ways to encourage or compel the home appliance industry and other companies to be more accessible. At this point, it seems our best hope is the growing population of the elderly, who will suffer a high incidence of health problems that will result in vision loss and even complete blindness. Most of these people will want to be able to go on living their lives as best they can. Their quality of life will become a greater mainstream concern. The executives of home appliance manufacturers and other companies should work with the blind community and others with disabilities to insure their products are universally accessible and usable to as many potential customers as possible.

Karen and I want to continue to be able to brew our coffee in the morning before running off to work. We don’t feel that is too much to ask. Some in the blind community tell us that, when something is inaccessible, we should just ask a sighted person for help. That doesn’t always work for many reasons which are too numerous to explain now. We live by ourselves. It is just the two of us. We don’t live with a sighted person. We don’t want to have to do that. That’s unacceptable. We want to be able to exercise the same independence and self-determination enjoyed by our sighted peers. There is simply going to be no sighted person around to help us brew coffee in the morning!

We simply can’t allow inaccessibility to stand unchallenged! What solutions are available to the manufacturers of home appliances and other electronics that provide the accessibility we require in a manner that is cost effective? We in the blind community should devise these solutions. We should then find ways to get electronics manufacturers to implement the solutions on a voluntary basis. Finally, if that doesn’t result in significant accessibility, we should find ways to compel business to simply do the right thing!

The only significant issues I encounter in the workplace that result from my disability have something to do with either accessibility or transportation. I am an experienced blind information technology professional. My current job involves providing e-mail and telephone based technical support on an outsourcing basis. I am competent and confident in my abilities.

Many in the blind community constantly tell me that all issues of blindness come down to social attitudes. I am told that the only way to improve our socioeconomic condition as blind people is to be sure that we have received training in the alternative techniques of blindness and then to work to change society’s negative attitudes. My personal experience and that of many other blind people I know out here in the real world says otherwise. Yes. It is absolutely critical that we master the alternative techniques of blindness such as Braille and the use of the white cane or guide dog. It is also important that we exhibit confidence in ourselves and our abilities as blind people and that we work to change negative attitudes through our positive examples. But, what I am saying, is that this work by itself is insufficient and will not, alone, do anything to increase our employment rate or give us much more success.

My own personal experiences bare this out quite nicely. I work in a technical support facility. My bosses and other colleagues treat me as a normal, real human being. I am respected and my advice and assistance is often sought both formally and informally on issues of a procedural and a technical nature. When it comes to the attitudes my colleagues have concerning my blindness, I just can’t complain. They’re great! Nevertheless, I encounter serious problems at work because of my blindness. That’s right. Read on!

My company provides technical support to customers on an outsourcing basis. That means other companies come to us to provide technical support services to their customers. Our customers expect us to largely provide technical support services on their terms. That means we must use the tools they provide to get the job done. There is often little or no room to request adjustments to the software tools chosen to perform the duties of the job, and we are certainly in no position to pressure our customers to make changes for reasons of accessibility or anything else.

While providing technical support, we utilize various software tools to communicate with customers, document actions and their results throughout the troubleshooting process, log in to various servers and pieces of network equipment, and interact with other colleagues. These tools must be accessible with a screen reader in order to perform the duties of the technical support position. There are usually few if any alternatives to the tools supplied by the customer. If they can’t be used with a screen reader, then the job can’t be done by a blind person. It is really just that simple.

There are a number of different types of tools we used to facilitate the provision of our technical support services. Communication with customers and documentation of troubleshooting are typically accomplished by means of a customer relationship management (CRM) tool. This tool enables us to perform actions such as creating, updating and closing trouble tickets. We often must gain access to one or more pieces of the customer’s equipment or servers in order to complete our work. Sometimes this involves remotely accessing computers on the customer’s network. At other times, we must access the administrative user interfaces of network monitoring software, firewalls, routers, switches and other similar systems. We communicate with our customers and our colleagues using electronic mail, instant messaging, interactive chat or the telephone. If, for any reason, the candidate for employment in one of these positions is unable to use all or most of these tools independently, that person is not going to be able to perform the duties required by this position and thus an otherwise perfect opportunity will be lost.

My employer serves a number of different customers. We work with each customer in terms of a separate account or project. In most cases, each technical support engineer is assigned to perform their duties on a single account. Some cross training enables us to be versatile by providing support on other accounts when needed. Each customer (account or project) requires us to use different tools as dictated by that customer to complete our work. It has been necessary for me to be switched among several different projects due to the inaccessibility of one or more aspects of the job with a screen reader. This has happened with my current employer for a year and a half now. Many employers would have decided to let me go, simply throw me away because I am unable to meet all the requirements of my job. I happen to be extremely fortunate this hasn’t happened to me, but I know it does happen to thousands of my blind brothers and sisters on a regular basis. Let me just state a few examples.

Most CRM tools are still inaccessible. I was ultimately unable to perform the duties of one of the projects to which I was assigned because I was unable to use the Siebel software to create and manage technical support cases effectively due to its inaccessibility with a screen reader. For awhile, I was assigned another set of duties with that same account which were significantly outside my interests and best talents. These duties avoided the use of Siebel.

In the Siebel case, the manufacturer of the software told me that the customer would have only needed to implement Siebel in a “standard interactivity” format that did not require the use of Java and which would have been much more accessible. This would have required approximately an hour worth of work on the part of a system administrator, but, ultimately, our customer decided not to even make the attempt. The customer had what they needed to serve the masses, the employees without disabilities, so it did not make any “business sense” to make this accomodation for me.

I was finally reassigned to another project. Their web based CRM tool was extremely accessible, but, alas, I encountered another show stopper. One of the products this company sold and supported involved a piece of security management software that was based on Sun Java and was not written in a manner that would be accessible. Once it was decided that my ability to use this application in a hands-on manner would be necessary in order to perform the duties effectively, I was again reassigned to a different project.

The current project is completely accessible. The CRM tools are all web based. The software is certainly accessible enough. I can use accessible productivity tools such as AOL Instant Messager, Adobe Reader, Internet Explorer, Outlook Express and Microsoft Word to perform all necessary tasks. Sadly, this project will be suspended very soon. I am documenting processes and procedures for other projects. I am still being told that my job is secure, that my value to the company is recognized and that I will be reassigned as necessary so that I continue to provide value as an asset.

We must take serious, significant actions to improve our ability to access information systems used in the workplace. Businesses are not jobs programs. People are hired so that they can get the job done. If we can’t do that, for any reason, then we can’t be hired and retained as valuable business assets. Like it or not, it is just this simple. Let’s stop quibbling about attitudes and get down to the business of accessibility!

The December 26 earthquake and resulting tsunami have devestated South Asia killing well over 150,000 and displacing millions of people. We have been searching for a way to donate to the relief efforts in a way that insures our donation is targeted to this disaster. It is absolutely vital that we donate our resources during this time of need. It is also important to insure that our donations go to reputable organizations where it will do the most good.

President Bush, former President Clinton, and former President Bush Senior have set up an initiative for us to provide our individual donations to the relief efforts through a page on the USA Freedom Corps web site. This page links to reputable charities and nongovernmental organizations providing disaster relief.

As Americans it is our responsibility to lend a helping hand to those in need around the world. We must show our true nature as a generous nation. Please choose an organization on the web site and donate whatever amount you can right away!

We wish you a happy, more accessible New Year in 2005! Let’s resolve to take some positive, definitive action in the new year to improve our overall condition as blind people through the enhancement of information access and public transportation options.

How frustrated would you be if you bought a piece of relatively complex electronic equipment only to receive absolutely no documentation as to how to use it effectively? Well, this happens all the time to those of us who happen to be blind. Even worse, it happens not only with mainstream companies, but also with companies doing business in the blindness field. That’s right. Companies selling us products specially designed to meet our needs are failing to provide appropriate manuals or other documentation in alternative formats. This current state of affairs represents an injustice we must not allow to stand unchallenged.

We purchase alternative products to meet our needs. These products can range from assistive high technology such as screen reading software to low technology for daily living and leasure such as talking microwaves, talking clocks and many other such devices. While the assistive technology products do tend to include proper accessible documentation, the lower technology products often do not despite the fact that their operation can sometimes be quite complex, especially when used by people who are not familiar with technology.

We purchase special blindness related products when the mainstream equivalents do not meet our needs. It is often very difficult to use a mainstream microwave oven, especially if no Braille labels have been applied. We are simply unable to read a clock with a visual display due to our physical lack of eye sight. Other mainstream electronics include menus, touch screens and other complex interfaces which have been designed to be usable only to the sighted.

We spend more money on our products because they are designed for a small market as compared to the sighted mass market. Their prices are at least between three and ten times that of the same product for the sighted. Sometimes, that pricing is even higher for us. Since we’re purchasing products designed for us and since we’re often paying large sums of money for these products as compared to the rest of the world, we are right to have certain basic customer expectations. First, we obviously expect the product to be of high quality and to meet the stated need for which it was purchased. Second, we expect to receive all documentation and related materials for that product in a format we can use. That means we expect to receive all written materials in accessible, alternative formats other than print. Print only documentation for these products is simply unacceptable.

There is a specific issue at play concerning the improper lack of provision of accessible documentation on the part of a company in the blindness field. It is a very disappointing scenario concerning Christmas gifts. We are currently working with this company to obtain proper, professional resolution to the issue. Be assured that the outcome of this situation will be covered in great detail in these pages.

Have you received inaccessible, incomplete or incorrect product documentation from a company doing business in the blindness industry? What have you done about it? All comments are welcome.

We wish you a very merry, accessible Christmas!

I love being the first to discover something and release information about it to the rest of the world, especially since that rarely happens for me. It happened this time and I even posted a quick note to a couple of the blindness related mailing lists.

Freedom Scientific has released the OpenBook 7.02 update sometime today! The most important facility in this free update to OpenBook 7.02 is updated OCR engines, including FineReader 7.0! Learn more at the following link:

http://www.hj.com/fs_products/software_OB702.asp

This has been another message from the common sense, reality based accessibility advocate who is looking out for you! All comments appreciated as always.

I just tried creating a Google account to facilitate participation in groups and other services. I was stopped dead in my tracks for one and only one reason; blindness! See, like many web sites, the creation of a Google account requires typing text shown in a verification graphic. No audio alternative is provided for this information.

The use of verification graphics is intended to test for the presence of a live human being rather than the use of a script or other automated system. This technique prevents the creation of hundreds of accounts by spammers and others who might abuse Internet resources.

Verification graphics without accessible audio alternatives are testing for the presence of only a sighted human being since blind human beings are physically unable to see the graphic. From the point of view of blind people, these are the characteristics of inaccessible security verification graphics:

• They are intended to test for the presence of a real, live human user.
• Blind people are human users.
• Inaccessible verification graphics exclude blind people.
• They thus fly in the face of our very humanity and personhood.

Verification schemes without appropriately accessible alternatives must be challenged at every turn and their creators must implement corrective actions that empower blind people to avail themselves of all products and services that are available to the sighted. If you are the creator of such a scheme, we in the blind community are more than happy to help you make it accessible. All you must do is ask and you shall receive. If you are a fellow blind Internet user, please comment with ideas on the types of actions we can take to make graphical verification systems accessible.